Process of making filters.



No. 868,277. PATENTED OCT. 15, 1907.

G. M. KNEUPER. I PROCESS OF MAKING FILTERS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 16, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATENTED OCT. 15, 1907.

,G. M. KNEUPER.

PROCESS OF MAKING FILTERS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 16, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

awuen OZ UNITED STATES PATENT onnron.

GEORGE M. KNEUPER, 01 NEW YORK, N. Y. ASSIGN OR OF ONE-THIRD TO GEORGE KNEUPER AND ONE-THIRD TO KATE KNEUPER.

PROCESS OF MAKING FILTERS.

No. 868,277. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct. 15, 1907.

' Original application filed August 12, 1904, Serial No. 220,460- Divided and this application filed May 16,1905.

Serial No. 260,677.

To all whom it may concern: may be slotted r perforated; this bottom D is prefer- Be it known that I, Gnonen M. KNEUPER, a citizen ably provided with lugs D so that the entire receptacle of the United States, and a resident of the borough of may be conveniently set within a tank E or the like. Manhattan, city, county, and State of New York, have Within the perforated wall A is arranged an expansible 55 invented certain new and useful Improvements in body F, for which purpose I generally employ a rubber Processes of Making Filters, of which the following is a bag. This bag extends substantially the entire length specification. or height of the receptacle, and is fastened at its top to a My invention relates to processes for the manufacture cover G. This cover G may be provided with an openof filters, and has for its object to provide a rapid and ing for filling, which is closed by a plug G; "The said 60 inexpensive means of making efiicient filters. cover G is normally held down against a flange A" at the The invention will be fully described hereinafter, top of the inner wall A by means of a nut H, which and the features of novelty pointed out in the apscrews upon a perforated tube I extending through the pended claim. cover G and within the receptacle. Between the cover The present application is a division of one filedby G and a collar I secured to this tube I is clamped the 65 me in the United States Patent Office August 12th, 1904, upper end of the bag F; the lower end of the tube may Serial Number 220,450, on which Letters Patent N o. be free within the receptacle, or, if preferred, the lower 817,252 were granted to me April 10, 1906. end of the tube may, as shown,'be passed through the Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawrubber bag, and through the bottom D, being secured ings, in which there bya nut I. A flange C for strengthening is pref- 70 Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of an apparatus for erably located at the upper end of the outer wall.

making filters according to my invention, showing said In operation, the above described apparatus is placed apparatus at the initial stage of the operation; Fig. 2 is a in a tank which is either empty, or filled with water; similar View, showing the apparatus at the final stage pulp, suspendedin water, is poured into the central of the operation Fig. 3 is a sectional plan on line 3-3 chamber .l. Air is then blown into the tube I, so as to 75 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of form of filter issue through the perforations thereof into the bag F. made with the apparatus shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3; By the application of suitable pressure, the bag is Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of another form of filter quickly expanded in every direction against the inner making apparatus constructed according to my invenwall A into substantially the form shown in Fig. 2. tion; Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of still another form The water is quickly driven out through the perforated 80 of filter making apparatus embodying my invention, walls A and C and the pervious pouch B, but the pulp and Fig. 7 is a sectional plan taken on line 77 of Fig. 6. is retained against the inner surface of the inner wall A,

In making my improved filter, I employ a vessel and forms a continuous compressed lining thereon. having a perforated wall, so that the liquid may pass The pressure will of course cause some of the pulp lintherethrough, and adjacent to this perforated wall I ing to enter into meshes of the wall A, and the said wall 85 locate an expansible body adapted to be forced toward and its pulp lining will therefore be securely connected said wall. If the vessel is filled with paper pulp, susso as to render them available for use as one structure. pended in water, and if then the expansible body is If desired, however, the lining may be separated from distended, or blown up quickly, the water will be the wall A and used alone. After the lining is formed forced through the perforatedwall, but the pulp will on the inner wall, as described, the receptacle is re- 90 remain compressed between the expansible'body and moved from the tank.

the perforated wall, and will form a continuous sheet The compressed lining K produced on the perforated or lining against said wall. In detail the procedure wall A constitutes an efficient filter, either alone or may be as follows: A 7 together with said wall as a carrying frame. This filter In Figs. 1, 2 and 3, A indicates the operative inner (Fig. 4) may be removed from the apparatus by un- 95 wall of the apparatus, which may be cylindrical, and screwing nut H, removing the cover G, grasping the may consist of perforated sheet metal or of wire netting. flange A at the top of the inner wall and lifting the B is a pouch made of suitable porous or pervious mainner wall, together with the compressed pulp lining terial such as canton flannel; the upper edge of this K, from the receptacle. This inner wall with the compouch is folded over the outer wall C which, as shown, pressed lining thereon may then be used as a filter in 100 may consist of two connected wire screens of cylindrical any suitable apparatus.

shape; the outer wall 0 is secured to a bottom D which It will be seen that one face of the lining engages the perforated wall A, the other face being freely exposed so that the lining is permitted to expand in one direction in case it should swell while in use. I consider it preferable, when using the filter, to have the liquid pass 7 in through the exposed inner surface of the lining, and out through the meshes of the perforated wall. Another inner wall of like construction is then put in the receptacle, and a filter lining is formed thereon in the same manner as above described, and thus the apparatus may be used for producing a great number of filters.

It will be understood that after the receptacle has been removed from the tank, and befor'e the inner wall is removed, the rubber bag should be deflated. It is not absolutely necessary to use the pouch B, but the use of said pouch prevents the fibers from passing to, and through the outer wall 0 when the perforations of the inner wall are beyond a certain size; an easy separation of the inner wall A from the other parts of the apparatus is thus insured after the pulp lining has been made. The pouch B, and even the outer wall 0, may be dispensed with if the meshes of the inner wall are sufficiently close. In any event, however, the top or cover G should be securely connected with the bottom D, so as to prevent any leakage at the edges of the inner wall A. A rubber gasket Gr may be applied to the cover so as to engage the flange A. In order to provide a receptacle for the water expelled by the inflation of the bag F, without making the tank E of unduly increased height, the latter may be made with a standpipe E, extending upwardly beyond the cover G. The use of this standpipe is also useful in providing an increasing counterpressure on the outer side of the filter lining, that is on the side opposite to that engaged by the expansible bag F. Thus the filter lining, being subjected to pressure on both sides, will be of a very close texture.

It will be obvious that in the operation above described, an opening K will be produced at the bottom of the filter lining K. (See Fig. 4). In cases where it is desired to produce a filter having a closed bottom, the pipe I would terminate above the bottom D of the receptacle and within the bag F. .(Fig. 5). In this case the cover G could be removed, together with the pipe I and bag F after the production of the filter, and then the bottom of the lining would be entirely closed by the end portion. As in this case the pipe I does not extend through the bottom D different means from those used in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 must be provided for holding down the cover G. For instance screw rods L may be hinged to the bottom D and fitted into slotted ears G of the cover, the tension being produced by means of winged nuts M.

In Figs. 6 and 7, the inner wall a is formed by rolling a sheet of wire gauze or the like into cylindrical form, so that there will be two or more layers at certain points, and this cylinder is then held in shape in any suitable manner as by end rings a L-shaped in cross section, and adapted to engage gaskets d and g located respectively on the bottom d and cover g. The bottom d is shown integral with a cylindrical imperforate outer wall e, which wall may be provided with a stand-pipe e corresponding in function to the stand-pipe E. A

plug g normally closes an opening in the cover 9 through which the chamber I may be filled with water in. which pulp is suspended. An expansible body f is also contained in this chamber, said expansible body f being fitted on the pipe 11, through which air or other suitable medium may be blown or forced into the bag f to expand the same. Nuts h and t" secure the parts of the apparatus together. The operation is exactly the same as with the form of construction fir'stdescribed, with the additional advantage that the pulp lining may be stripped much more readily from the perforated wall upon which it is formed, so that such lining may be taken off and applied to other carriers. By this construction the cleaning of the perforated wall is also much facilitated. While I have described the production of a compressed pulp lining forming a filter on the inner surface of the inner wall, I desire it to be understood that my invention is not restricted to this construction and operation, but that, generically speaking, I may force an impervious surface, (represented in this case by the rubber bag F-f) toward one face of a perforated wall, (represented by the wall A-a) Whether such wall be cylindrical or of any other shape, and whether the surface exerting. pressure be located on the inside of the said Wall or elsewhere. In each case the impervious surface moving toward the perforated wall forces the liquid through said wall and compresses the pulp into a continuous layer on one surface of said wall.

In all the forms herein shown, it obviously is easy to substitute perforated walls A-a of different diameters for those shown in the drawings, so that the same apparatus may be used for making filters of different sizes.

Instead of pulp I may employ any other substance which is capable of being suspended in water or other liquid, and is further capable of being separated from said liquid by forcing the liquid through a perforated wall. If such substance is porous, the resulting sheet 01' lining may be used for filtering purposes; a lining will be produced in all events which conforms to, tho shape of the wall, so that my invention, considered broadly, provides means for molding articles of various kinds quickly, and without requiring the application of heat.

Various modifications may be made without departing from the nature of my invention,

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The herein described process for making articles from substances suspended in liquids, which consists in placing a perforated wall in contact with a liquid having such substances suspended therein, then quickly forcing an impervious surface toward said perforated wall to ex pel the liquid through said wall and cause the suspended substance to form a compressed lining on said wall, and utilizing the expelled liquid to produce an increasing counterpressure on the side of said wall opposite to that on which the said impervious surface is located.

2. The herein described process for making articles side of said wall opposite to that on which the said impervious surface is located.

3. The herein described process for making articles from substances suspended in liquids, which consists in placing a perforated wall in contact with a liquid having such substances suspended therein, then quickly forcing an impervious surface toward said perforated wall to expel the liquid through said wall and cause the suspended substance to form a compressed lining on said wall, and

exerting a counterpressure on the side of said wall oppo- 10 site to that on which the said impervious surface is located.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE M. KNEUPER. Witnesses JOHN LOTKA, JOHN A. KEHLENBECK. 

